Exploring the Academic Journey of International Students in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program

Authors

  • Glynn B. Batonan Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Joval Andrei T. Arce Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Marcus Rhancy M. Carreon Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Richellaine Mae C. De Vera Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Johannah Nicole G. Fernandez Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Samantha Chloe R. Ibay Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Aileen Joy S. Lucas Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Crizza Mae B. Munoz Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Alyssa Erill T. Perez Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Kayle Portia D. Sevillano Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

  • Rachel C. Alfonso, MN, RN Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines Author
    Competing Interests

    The author declares no conflict of interest related to the conduct and publication of this research.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64397/nepj.v01i01.2025.a05

Abstract

Introduction: International student nurses who study abroad face various challenges. Existing studies regarding these are limited in scope. This study aims to explore the academic journey of international students, which is the totality of their experiences inside and outside their respective institutions.

Objectives: To explore the academic journey of international students enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program in the Philippines and provide a holistic understanding of their journey.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological qualitative design was used, recruiting participants meeting the criteria: (1) students raised in a foreign country, (2) current citizens of a foreign country or with dual citizenship, (3) in the Philippines solely for education, (4) enrolled in a BSN program in the Philippines, and (5) with at least six months of residency in the Philippines. Eight informants were included, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s Phenomenological Data Analysis method. Rigor measures were utilized throughout the study process.

Results: The study revealed four themes from the responses of the informants: (1) Flight of Discovery encapsulates their overall experiences in the Philippines. (2) Flight to Excellence delves into their diverse experiences in educational and clinical settings. (3) Flight into Socio-cultural Diversity focuses on their immersion into the Filipino community. Lastly, (4) Flight of Adaptation covers their self-help strategies as they traverse into a new environment.

Conclusion: International student nurses in the Philippines encounter various experiences and challenges in their academic journey. Their experiences have led them to discover a variety of factors inside and outside their respective institutions that either enable or hinder them from adjusting to the new environment. These experiences require flexibility and adaptability to the educational processes and socio-cultural diversities

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Glynn B. Batonan, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Joval Andrei T. Arce, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Marcus Rhancy M. Carreon, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Richellaine Mae C. De Vera, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Johannah Nicole G. Fernandez, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Samantha Chloe R. Ibay, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Aileen Joy S. Lucas, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Crizza Mae B. Munoz, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Alyssa Erill T. Perez, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Kayle Portia D. Sevillano, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    The author is a third-year nursing student currently taking their undergraduate degree in Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Saint Louis University. He/She is expected to graduate in 2025.

  • Rachel C. Alfonso, MN, RN, Saint Louis University - Baguio City, Philippines

    Rachel C. Alfonso is a graduate of Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Batch 1999) from Saint Louis University. She began her academic career at the SLU College of Nursing in 2004 and obtained her Master’s degree in 2012. Currently, she serves as the Department Head Level III of the Nursing Department since 2024. She has been a dedicated Research Promoter since 2013, actively guiding and supporting nursing research initiative.

References

1. Aeon, B., Faber, A., & Panaccio, A. (2021a). Does Time Management Work? A Meta-Analysis, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245066

2. Ahmady, S., Khajeali, N., Kalantarion, M., Sharifi, F., & Yaseri, M. (2021). Relation between stress, time management, and academic achievement in preclinical medical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of education and health promotion, 10, 32. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_600_20

3. Aidar, Gabriel & Serrano, Franklin & Summa, Ricardo. (2021). Exogenous interest rate and exchange rate dynamics under elastic expectations. 10.13140/RG.2.2.34473.11364.

4. Akramov, K. F., & S, K. G. (2023). SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY. https://europeanscience.org/index.php/1/article/view/349

5. Alshammari, M. K., Othman, M. H., Mydin, Y. O., & Mohammed, B. A. (2023). Exploring how cultural identity and sense of belonging influence the psychological adjustment of international students. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology & Molecular Biology, 15(1), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsc.2023.290566

6. Alyami, A., Abdulwahed, A., Azhar, A., Binsaddik, A., & Bafaraj, S. M. (2021). Impact of time-management on the student’s academic performance: A cross-sectional study. Creative Education, 12(03), 471–485. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.123033

7. Annansingh, F. & Howell, K. (2016). Using Phenomenological Constructivism (PC) to Discuss a Mixed Method Approach in Information Systems Research. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods. Volume 14 Issue 1 (2016). Pp. 39-49.https://issuu.com/academic-conferences.org/docs/ejbrm-volume14-issue1-article434

8. Bahrum, B. (2013). Ontologi, Epistemologi Dan Aksiologi. Sulesana: Jurnal Wawasan Keislaman, 8(2), 35-45.

9. Balais, H. A. (2021). Internet connectivity and the academic performance of BS Criminology students from University of the Cordilleras. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7638033

10. Bausch, T., Gartner, W. C., & Humpe, A. (2021). How weather conditions affect guest arrivals and duration of stay: An alpine destination case. International Journal of Tourism Research/the International Journal of Tourism Research, 23(6), 1006–1026. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2459

11. Brazeau, G. A. (2022). Pursuing excellence in your academic journey. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 86(6), 9029. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe9029

12. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. In International Encyclopedia of Education (2nd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 1643-1647). Oxford: Elsevier.

13. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.32.7.513

14. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Harvard University Press.

15. Burell, G. & Morgan G. (1989). Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis. Aldershot: Gower.

16. Carrol, A. (2022). The impact of self-talk on college students’ self-esteem, educational self-efficacy, and mood. NORMA eResearch @NCI Library. https://norma.ncirl.ie/id/eprint/5623

17. Cena, E., Burns, S., & Wilson, P. (2021). Sense of belonging and the intercultural and academic experiences among international students at a university in Northern Ireland. Journal of International Students, 11(4), 812-831.

18. Chaiyasat, C. (2020). Overseas students in Thailand: A qualitative study of cross-cultural adjustment of French exchange students in a Thai university context. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 30(8), 1060–1081. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2020.1792386

19. Chiang, P. P., Yang, C., & Tsai, J. (2022). Emotional Response and Behavioral Coping Associated with Experienced and Media Discrimination Among Asians and Asian Americans in the United States. Race and Social Problems, 15(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-022-09362-7

20. Climate of the Philippines. (2024). GOVPH. Retrieved April 21, 2024 from https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines

21. Cornell, D. A., V., Tugade, L. O., & Perez, A. J. (2019). The bright side of dark tourism in Baguio city: understanding its impact to the stakeholders. CORE. https://api.core.ac.uk/oai/oai:proa.ua.pt:article/8083

22. Craig, A., Duff, J., & Middleton, J. (2022). Transactional Model. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 301–328). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00061-3

23. Eden, C. A., Chisom, O. N., & Adeniyi, I. S. (2024). Cultural competence in education: strategies for fostering inclusivity and diversity awareness. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences, 6(3), 383-392.

24. EFOI - Electronic Freedom of Information - request. (2022). eFOI - Electronic Freedom of Information.https://www.foi.gov.ph/requests/aglzfmVmb2ktcGhyHgsSB0NvbnRlbnQiEUNIRUQtMDY3NDE4NTgzNTY0DA?fbclid=IwAR0fZfQnzQQJ-Dw1meTnhbrxRmKSBtBYtPKGaG2avsbS1tHFfE0xkj-GEp4

25. Estoque, R. C., & Murayama, Y. (2012). Examining the potential impact of land use/cover changes on the ecosystem services of Baguio city, the Philippines: A scenario-based analysis. Applied Geography, 35(1–2), 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.08.006

26. Felder, M. (2021) Familiarity as a practical sense of place. Sociological Theory, 39(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/07352751211037724

27. Forceville, C. (2020). Visual and multimodal communication: Applying the relevance principle. Oxford University Press, USA.

28. Gaeeni, M., Rezaei, M., Khoramirad, A., & Parizad, A. (2021). The challenges of clinical education in nursing: A qualitative analysis of nursing students and clinical instructors’ perspectives. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, 8(4), 260.

29. Ganga, S. (2022). Understanding Currencies | PIMCO. Pacific Investment Management Company LLC. Retrieved April 16, 2024 from https://europe.pimco.com/en-eu/resources/education/understanding-currencies#:~:text=Currency%20describes%20the%20money%20or,%2C%20%E2%82%AC%2C%20%C2%A5%20or%20%C2%A3.

30. Gebru, M. S., & Yuksel-Kaptanoglu, I. (2020). Adaptation challenges for international students in Turkey. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 8(9), 262-278.

31. Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004

32. Hatcher, R., & Hwang, Y. (2020). Optimizing Study-life Balance within Higher Education: A Comprehensive Literature Review. The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management, 8(2), 1-12.

33. Héliot, Y., Gleibs, I. H., Coyle, A., Rousseau, D. M., & Rojon, C. (2019). Religious identity in the workplace: A systematic review, research agenda, and practical implications. Human Resource Management, 59(2), 153–173. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21983

34. Hopper, E. (2020). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs explained. ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 24, 1-3.

35. Howell, K. E., (2013). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Methodology. London: Sage Publications.

36. Husserl, E. (2001). Logical investigations (Vols. 1–2; J. N. Findlay, Trans.; D. Moran, Ed.). Routledge. (Original work published 1900–1921)

37. Husserl, E., (2001). The Shorter Logical Investigations. London and New York: Routledge.

38. Hussain, M., & Shen, H. (2019). A study on academic adaptation of international students in China. Higher Education Studies, 9(4), 80. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n4p80

39. Husserl, E. (1989). Ideas pertaining to a pure phenomenology and to a phenomenological philosophy: Second book (R. Rojcewicz & A. Schuwer, Trans.). Kluwer Academic Publishers. (Original work published 1912–1928)

40. Jaidumrong, N., Mahapoonyanont, N., Songsang, N., & Gudmundsson, M. (2023). Effect of growth mindset on the academic achievement of students. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375697809_Effect_of_growth_mindset_on_the_academic_achievement_of_students

41. Jasemi, A. (2019). Second Language Acquisition and Acculturation Differences Second Language Acquisition and Acculturation Differences Between Immigrants and Refugees. Scholars Commons. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/2229

42. Jensen, K. D. (2022). Key components contributing to student development and cross-cultural adaptation during an international internship. Educational Research: Theory and Practice, 33(1), 22-28.

43. Kassab, S., Al‐Eraky, M. M., El‐Sayed, W., Hamdy, H., & Schmidt, H. G. (2023). Measurement of student engagement in health professions education: a review of literature. BMC Medical Education, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04344-8

44. Kertu, H. S., & Nuuyoma, V. (2019). Theory – practice gap: Challenges experienced by nursing students at the satellite campus of a higher education institution in Namibia. International Journal of Higher Education, 8(5), 21. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n5p21

45. Koksal, O., & Yuruk, N. (2020). The Role of Translator in Intercultural Communication. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1249472.pdf

46. Koo, K. K., Yao, C. W., & Gong, H. J. (2023). “It is not my fault”: Exploring experiences and perceptions of racism among international students of color during COVID-19. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 16(3), 284.

47. Kr, P. (2022). Application of Colaizzi’s Method of Data Analysis in Phenomenological Research. https://doi.org/10.37506/mlu.v21i2.2800

48. Ladrido, P. (2020). How the Philippines became the biggest supplier of nurses worldwide. Retrieved November 15, 2023 from https://www.cnnphilippines.com/life/culture/2020/5/6/ofwnurses.html?fbclid=IwAR3Vtsux11NZv9mrSzUSgfp0vy3S9YkrjeqvSFz0o1bCSV9Hh0C6ZDqJ0q0.

49. Lang, K., & Spitzer, A. K.-L. (2020). Race Discrimination: An Economic Perspective. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34(2), 68–89. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26913185

50. Lee, G., Park, T. I., & Cho, H. (2020). Maladaptive perfectionism and college adjustment of international students in Korea: a moderated mediation model of social support. Sustainability, 12(11), 4729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114729

51. Leigh-Osroosh, K. T. (2021). The Phenomenological House: A Metaphoric Framework for Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Design and Analysis. The Qualitative Report, 26(6), 1817-1829. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4815

52. Li, J., & Xue, E. (2023). Dynamic Interaction between Student Learning Behaviour and Learning Environment: Meta-Analysis of Student Engagement and Its Influencing Factors. Behavioral Sciences, 13(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13010059

53. Lin, X., Chen, Q., Wei, L., Lu, Y., Chen, Y., & He, Z. (2022). Exploring the trend in religious diversity: Based on the geographical perspective. PLoS ONE, 17(7), e0271343. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271343

54. Lipura, S. D. (2022). Fringe capital and perceived values of Korean Educational Mobilities (KEM) in Asia: the case of Korean degree-seeking students in the Philippines. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2022.2095501

55. Martin, A. J., Collie, R. J., & Nagy, R. P. (2021). Adaptability and high school Students’ online learning during COVID-19: A Job Demands-Resources Perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.702163

56. Martinot, D., Sicard, A., Gül, B., Yakimova, S., Taillandier-Schmitt, A., & Maintenant, C. (2022). Peers and teachers as the best source of social support for school engagement for both advantaged and priority education area students. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.958286

57. Mattos, A. L., Oyadomari, J. C. T., & Zatta, F. N. (2021). Pricing Research: State of the Art and Future Opportunities. Sage Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032168

58. McLean, L., Gaul, D., & Penco, R. (2022). Perceived Social Support and Stress: a Study of 1st Year Students in Ireland. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(4), 2101–2121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00710-z

59. Mcleod, S. (2023). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Simply Psychology. Retrieved from httpd://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

60. Megheirkouni, M., & Moir, J. (2023). Simple but Effective Criteria: Rethinking Excellent Qualitative Research. The Qualitative Report, 28(3), 848-864. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2023.5845

61. Stoevenbelt, A. H., Flore, P., Schwabe, I., & Wicherts, J. (2022, July 1). The uniformity of stereotype threat: Analyzing the moderating effects of premeasured performance. Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2022.101655

62. Melnyk, V., Sidelnikova, L., Sosnovska, O., Zhitar, M., & Navolokina, A. (2022). SYNERGY IN THE REGULATION OF FUND, CREDIT, CURRENCY AND INSURANCE SEGMENTS OF THE FINANCIAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice , 2 (43), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.2.43.2022.3689

63. Nazir, T., & Özçiçek, A. (2022). Language Barrier, language-related issues and Stress among International Students in Turkish universities. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359391721_Language_Barrier_language-related_issues_and_Stress_among_International_Students_in_Turkish_universities

64. Neubauer, B. E. , Witkop, C. T. , & Varpio, L. (2019). How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2), 90–97. 10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2

65. Norazlan, N., Yusuf, S., & Al-Majdhoub, F.M.H. (2020). The financial problems and academic performance among public university students in Malaysia. The Asian Journal of Professional and Business Studies, Volume 1(2).

66. Obbarius, N., Fischer, F., Liegl, G., Obbarius, A., & Rose, M. (2021). A modified version of the transactional stress concept according to Lazarus and Folkman was confirmed in a psychosomatic inpatient sample. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.584333

67. Oduwaye, O., Kiraz, A., & Sorakın, Y. (2023). A trend analysis of the challenges of international students over 21 years. SAGE Open, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231210387

68. Öner, H. (2021). Negatıve emotıons experıenced by Nursıng students Durıng Clınıcal practıce and Theır Copıng experıences: a focus group intervıew. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2021.59480

69. Passarelli, A. M., & Kolb, D. A. (2023). Experiential Learning Theory. Student Learning Abroad: What Our Students Are Learning. What They’re Not, and What We Can Do About It.

70. Ramadhan, A. (2019). Challenges and difficulty of adaptation facing foreign students in Philippine institutes and universities. Academia. https://www.academia.edu/42965965/Challenges_and_Difficulty_of_Adaptation_Facing_Foreign_Students_in_Philippine_Institutes_and_Universities?fbclid=IwAR20dOsPH7VJsq7t63LlCeYOICHn79z5-3e9JfQlzeLeipvWJAbiETiZKj0

71. Rathakrishnan, B., Bikar Singh, S. S., Kamaluddin, M. R., Ghazali, M. F., Yahaya, A., Mohamed, N. H., & Krishnan, A. R. (2021). Homesickness and socio-cultural adaptation towards perceived stress among international students of a public university in Sabah: an exploration study for social sustainability. Sustainability, 13(9), 4924.

72. Rodriquez, D. (2023, October 11). What is Culture, and What Does it Have to Do With Your Finances? 3rd Decade. Retrieved April 15, 2024 from https://3rddecade.org/what-is-culture-and-what-does-it-have-to-do-with-your-finances/

73. Philippine Statistics Authority. (2023). Religious Affiliation in the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing). Retrieved April 12, 2024 from https://psa.gov.ph/content/religious-affiliation-philippines-2020-census-population-and-housing

74. Philips, N. V. M. (2021). Inclusion and exclusion in higher education: What are the factors influencing discrimination against international students in South Africa? Sociology Study, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5526/2021.02.002

75. Roberts, L. F., Lounsbury, O., Awuzudike, V., Jennings, N., & Lawrance, E. L. (2022). Healthy Environments: Understanding Perceptions of Underrepresented Communities in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 9643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159643

76. Saguin, K. (2022). The Politics of De-Privatisation: Philippine Higher Education in transition. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 53(3), 471–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2022.2035424

77. Schussler, E. E., Weatherton, M., Chen Musgrove, M. M., Brigati, J. R., & England, B. J. (2021). Student perceptions of instructor supportiveness: What characteristics make a difference?. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(2), ar29.

78. Scribner, M., Sasso, P. A., & Puchner, L. (2020). Stress Management and Coping Strategies in Undergraduate Students at a Midwestern State University. New York Journal of Student Affairs, 20(1), 4-32.

79. Shenton, Andrew. (2004). Strategies for Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research Projects. Education for Information. 22. 63-75. 10.3233/EFI-2004-22201

80. Smith, C. (2020). International students and their academic experiences: Student satisfaction, student success challenges, and promising teaching practices. Rethinking education across borders: Emerging issues and critical insights on globally mobile students, 271-287.

81. Sprung, J. M., & Rogers, A. (2021). Work-life balance as a predictor of college student anxiety and depression. Journal of American college health, 69(7), 775-782.

82. Sriram, M., & Anburaj, G. (2024). Language barriers in universities: Overcoming challenges to create inclusive academic environments. International journal of progressive research in engineering management and science, 4(11), 2818–2826. https://www.ijprems.com/uploadedfiles/paper//issue_11_november_2024/37215/final/fin_ijprems1733074189.pdf

83. Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 797–811. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797

84. Stewart, M. (2021). Understanding learning: Theories and critique. In University teaching in focus (pp. 3-28). Routledge.

85. Suikkala, A., Timonen, L., Leino‐Kilpi, H., Katajisto, J., & Strandell‐Laine, C. (2021b). Healthcare student-patient relationship and the quality of the clinical learning environment – a cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02676-x

86. Sun, H., Liu, S., Nagai, A., Guo, L., & Lu, Y. (2023). Cross-cultural adaptation for international nursing students from the Belt and Road Initiative in China: A follow-up survey study. Heliyon, 9(11), e21898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21898

87. Tan-De Guia, G. (2022). Assessment of Academic Stress and Negative Coping Strategies of Freshmen Academicians. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(7), 2558–2566. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(4), 4263–4269. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i4.2187

88. Tatti, R. (2019). Negotiating cultural identity through eating habits: Second-generation immigrants talk about memories, values and cultural heritage attached to food. DIVA.https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1482409&dswid=5503

89. Think tank says PH connectivity still lags behind in Asia. (2024, March 11). Retrieved April 13, 2024 from https://www.pids.gov.ph/details/news/in-the-news/think-tank-says-ph-connectivity-still-lags-behind-in-asia#:~:text=Despite%20this%20improvement%2C%20however%2C%20the,Asian%20average%20of%2045.72%20Mbps.

90. Tong, P., & An, I. S. (2024). Review of studies applying Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory in international and intercultural education research. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1233925

91. Wittwer, J. (2021, June 4). Adapting to a culture: The U-Curve Adjustment Theory. Success Across Cultures. Retrieved April 24, 2024 from https://successacrosscultures.com/2021/06/04/adapting-to-a-culture-the-u-curve-adjustment-theory/

92. Yang, F., Song, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, R., & Xia, Z. (2024). The influence of study abroad experience on the destination loyalty of international students: Mediating effects of emotional solidarity and destination image. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 30(2), 245-260. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667221127391

93. Yassin, A. A., Razak, N. A., Qasem, Y. a. M., & Mohammed, M. a. S. (2020). Intercultural learning challenges affecting international students’ sustainable learning in Malaysian higher education institutions. Sustainability, 12(18), 7490. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187490

94. Yorganci, I. and Sadrimovahed, M. (2024), "Sustainable educational tourism and the acculturation of international students from the Global South", Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-01-2024-0001

Downloads

Published

12.09.2025

How to Cite

Batonan, G., Arce, J. A., Carreon, M. R., De Vera, R. M., Fernandez, J. N., Ibay, S. C., Lucas, A. J., Munoz, C. M., Perez, A. E., Sevillano, K. P., & Alfonso, R. (2025). Exploring the Academic Journey of International Students in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program. Nurse Educators and Practitioners Journal, 1(1), 51-69. https://doi.org/10.64397/nepj.v01i01.2025.a05